Tuesday, November 13, 2007

Battlefield Orders

A flamethrower is a weapon, either mounted or portable, that sprays ignited incendiary fuel, such as napalm, for some distance in a steady stream.

Flamethrowers changed the face of war in 1918 and eventually lead to tank mounted flamethrowers that were used to destroy Dutch gun emplacements and fortifications. It became much more prominent in WWII.


A tank is an armored, self-propelled combat vehicle, armed with cannon and machine guns and moving on a caterpillar tread.

Tanks changed the face of war in 1918. It became highly important in this war because they enabled men from both sides to navigate through the trenches and muddy battle field, all the while carrying large artillery that was used in long range combat.


A machine gun is a small arm operated by a mechanism, able to deliver a rapid and continuous fire of bullets as long as the trigger is pressed.

Machine guns changed the face of war in 1918 when it became a common piece of weaponry. Some German machine guns would shoot so fast that you could not discern one shot from the other; this made it a very deadly and useful weapon.


A submarine is a vessel that can be submerged and navigated under water, usually built for warfare and armed with torpedoes or guided missiles.

Submarines changed the face of war in 1918 and changed combat on the water completely because it gave opponents a way to navigate through enemy lines without being detected, and they were also equipped with torpedoes that could take down enemy ships.


An airplane, a heavier-than-air aircraft, was kept aloft by the upward thrust exerted by the passing air on its fixed wings and driven by propellers, jet propulsion, etc.

http://www.trenchart.org/Aeroplane.htm
Airplanes changed the face of war in 1918 and gave the military control of the sky by giving soldiers a way to drop large bombs on the enemy without injuring their own men. It was also a fast way to retreat.

A 3" Mortar is a muzzle-loading indirect fire weapon that fires shells at low velocities, short ranges and high-arcing ballistic trajectories. It typically has a barrel length less than 15 times its caliber.

http://riv.co.nz/rnza/hist/mortar/mort7.htm
They changed the face of war in 1918 because the Stokes 3" mortar was an extremely important weapon for the American troops of WWI. The U.S. Army formed "Howitzer Companies" attached to each infantry regiment. Each howitzer company was equipped with three Mark I trench mortars and three M1916 37mm guns. The official TO&E requirements for a U.S. Army Infantry Division in 1918 was thirty-six 3" Stokes trench mortars. However, if was not unusual for the actual number of weapons used to exceed the official allowance. The 3" Stokes mortar was normally hand carried but some were transported in horse-drawn machine gun carts. One valuable feature of the 3" Stokes mortar was its rapidity of fire. The weapon had a maximum rate of fire of 30 rounds per minute and a sustained rate of fire of six to ten rounds per minute.
http://www.worldwar1.com/dbc/smortar.htm


2. No man's land is a term for land that is not occupied or more specifically land that is under dispute between parties that will not occupy it because of fear or uncertainty. During war, it is a term used as the area of land between two enemy trenches that neither side wishes to openly move on or take control of due to fear of being attacked by the enemy in the process. It is also a term for the stretch of land between two border posts, when one exits one country at their border post and when one enters the next country at their border post, usually just a few meters away, though at some (usually remote) border crossings it can be measured in kilometers.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/No_mans_land


3. Using nonliving toxic products, even if produced by living organisms (e.g., toxins), is considered Chemical warfare under the provisions of the Chemical Weapons Convention. A biological weapon may be intended to kill, incapacitate or seriously impede an adversary. It may also be defined as the material or defense against such employment.
The use of poison gas in World War I was a major military innovation. The gases ranged from disabling chemicals, such as tear gas and the severe mustard gas, to lethal agents like phosgene. This chemical warfare was a major component of the first global war and first total war of the 20th century.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biological_weapon


4. Manfred Albrecht Freiherr von Richthofen (2 May 1892 - 21 April 1918) was a German fighter pilot known as "The Red Baron". He was the most successful flying ace of World War I, and was credited with 80 confirmed air combat victories, more than any other pilot during the First World War. He got his nickname because he painted the fuselage of his plane a bright red. The Red Baron died when he got shot down by ground fire on April 21st 1918.







5. The Schlieffen Plan was a plan for German attack that involved 90 percent of German forces. It was a scythe-like attack through Holland, Belgium, and Luxumbourg. It used a two front strategy that required the men to take down one enemy quickly. The plan was only successful during the first month however, and then it failed.







6. Originally, the assassination of the Archduke Ferdinand was a way for Serbia to gain independence from Austria-Hungry. Although after the assassination, Austria-Hungry quickly declared war against Serbia. Germany was brought into the war because of a secret treaty that they had made with Austria-Hungry. Serbia had similar alliances with Russia, who was united with France and England. This works as a catalyst to the war because, in a way, this assassination started the World War I.





7. At the age of 14, Helen Burrey went to work at a department store in Pittsburgh. She worked there until she entered nursing school at St. Francis Hospital. When World War I began she volunteered to serve as an army nurse.





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9. The Pals battalions ofWorld War I were units of the British Army that consisted of men who had enlisted together at special local recruiting drives, with the promise that they would be able to serve alongside their friends, neighbors and work colleagues rather than having to be mixed in with the regular soldiers of the Army. This resulted in whole streets and towns leaving together to go to war. Pal battalions were a good strategy because when only 351 battalions were raised through the war office, 643 Pal battalions were formed locally. Although, this also puts whole groups of friends in jeopardy and neighbors in danger.











3 comments:

TISSCOOL said...

This is great organized simple info! Helped me alot with my hw TNXX!!!

Happy said...
This comment has been removed by the author.
Unknown said...

This is sooooo much help for my project